Every perfectly painted surface requires extensive preparation, often hard work. But whether it is sanded by hand or with the help of a machine, a flawless result is worth the effort.
The tools and aids, for processing wood, plastic- and metal surfaces are required, is what the specialist calls “machining”. Because whether plane, rasp or sandpaper, they all remove parts of the surface, from wood shavings to sanding dust in many different sizes.
ABRASIVES
The most well-known representatives of this category are sandpaper (Sandpaper, sandpaper), and the sandpaper. Both consist of a carrier material – Papier, waterproof oiled paper or linen, das mit den spanabhebenden Mittel – i scharfkantigen mineralischen Körnern aus Quarzsand, Flint, Granat oder Korund – is sprinkled. The grain size determines the fineness of the abrasive.
The grit is always written on the back of the sandpaper or cloth, with numbers in between 30 and 1200 designated. These numbers result from the mesh size of the spreading sieves (stitches per square inch), the larger the number is, the finer the grain.
The grains are either closed or scattered openly on the carrier and fixed with a special adhesive. Closed means 100 percent coverage of the area, open about 50 percent coverage. The open scattering offers the sanding dust more space and does not clog so quickly. It is particularly suitable for softwood.
There is sandpaper 23 x 28 cm arches (1) or as 11 cm wide rolls (2), mostly on one application (Lack, Holz, Metal) tailored. Many other abrasives are made and packaged from sandpaper today, for example the endless belts for belt sanders (3) or the punched leaves-
ter for orbital sanders, orbital sander, Deltaschleifer (4), which today are usually attached with Velcro. Pay attention to this when buying, that the extraction holes for the sanding dust correspond to those of the device. The fan grinder consists of many small sections of abrasive cloth (5), with which small areas, Leave edges and curves finely finished. The flap disc behaves more aggressively in terms of material removal (6). Sie wird hauptsächlich an Winkelschleifern verwendet. Grinding drums or cylinders are used to grind out curves (7), die man über einen Korpus stülpt und festklemmt.
FINE ABRASIVES
Where the abrasive needs to conform to the contours of the workpiece, sandpaper is usually unsuitable. this is where fine abrasives such as steel wool are used, which are available in several degrees of refinement (8), Schwämme, coated with abrasive grains (9) and abrasive fleece (10). These are plastic mats with a wide-meshed structure, which is similar to natural sponges. Fleeces come in different shapes and degrees of hardness.
TO BRUSH
Brushes are used to clean structured surfaces and profiles. Depending on the type and condition, the bristles penetrate more or less deeply into the surface of the workpiece. Metal hand brushes are available in different sizes and widths as well as with different bristles and hardness, from hard steel to soft brass (11). With rotating brushes, a distinction is made between cup brushes (12) and disc brushes (13), both with steel bristles, Brass and plastic are available.
SCRAPER
glue residue, Paint noses and filler residues are removed with scrapers (14) or spatula (15). The spatulas look like painter's spatulas, but have a thicker blade with a ground edge.
PLANE
With a normal hand plane (16) Achieving a smooth and level surface is not easy. But the plane can be used by anyone for processing edges and chamfering. With the handy razor blade planer (17) particularly fine work can be done. Surform slicers create spaghetti-like shavings with their honeycomb knives (18), the different sizes are suitable, to round off wood and for curved contours.
FILE AND RASP
Files are used for fine corrections or reworking saw cut edges (19). Depending on the work to be done, you can choose between flat, triangular, square, choose semicircular or round. Various degrees of fineness and sizes (up to key files) are offered. Rasps are coarser and leave clear marks.