PRIMER
Primer coats with, for example, protection against blue stain, Wood protection primer, Insulating primer or wood impregnation can significantly increase the service life of the subsequent coat of varnish and glaze. You basically only have one job: to impregnate the wood against moisture. Some primers also contain insecticidal and/or fungicidal ingredients in addition to the water-repellent ones, which is now harmless outdoors from a health or ecological point of view. The paints and glazes themselves then no longer have to contain their own pesticides. Incidentally, with glazes you also get combination products consisting of primer and glaze, which, however, are less favorable than individual products with regard to the evaporation of the pesticides. As always, product combinations from one manufacturer are best.
Lack
To put it simply, paints are nothing more than color pigments dissolved in water or white spirit. All sorts of additives are usually added to the whole thing, the properties of the paint in terms of flow, the color intensity, the degree of gloss and the drying behavior should improve.
In paints for the outside, the pigments do not only have a coloring function, they also block the aforementioned UV rays from the sun, to penetrate to the bare wood. In this respect, they offer reliable wood protection, at least as far as exposure to the sun is concerned.
The binders in paints protect against moisture, for nature- or synthetic resins can be used. They glue the pigments to form a largely waterproof layer on the wood surface, where good paints allow the water vapor diffusion between wood and ambient air unhindered. However, this "sealing" of the wood also requires, that you carry out the painting without gaps, That means, literally envelop the wooden object with the varnish.
Lacquers are particularly suitable for outdoor use on objects, which are not subject to high temperature fluctuations within a short period of time, because the protective cover would tear through the movements of the wood. exceptions: Holzobjekte, the
have to be true to size, such as doors and windows are usually painted, albeit with a special one, very elastic window lacquer.
The surfaces, that you paint, shouldn't be too big (like a whole facade), because the larger the area, the greater the risk of the paint surface cracking. The painted object should also remain accessible at all times, so you regularly (once a year) check the surface for cracks.
Paints are always the first choice, when it comes to colors that are as strong and brilliant as possible. In this area, no amount of glaze, no matter how good, can hold the solvent for the paint. With all the variety, it is best to choose medium shades for paints: the light colors have too few pigments for effective UV protection, the dark colors absorb the heat of the sun and overheat the surface.
With good processing and care, paint surfaces outdoors have an average life expectancy of three to five years for dispersions- paint or five to ten years with alkyd resin- or synthetic resin paints.
glaze
Put simply, glazes are low-pigment paints. In addition to the acrylates and alkyd resins, the binders used here are also used (like paint) also oils. Solvents are either white spirit, water or turpentine oil. Depending on the binder and solvent, glazes for outdoor use have different properties. Only the so-called thick-layer glazes are able to do this due to their high pigment content, similar to varnishes to form a protective film around the wood. All other glazes do not seal the wood, they impregnate it. The water rolls off at first, but can in the long run- or waterlogging penetrate the wood. The fact doesn't change that, that glazes can penetrate deeper into the wood than varnishes.
The protection against moisture is also good for glazes, but not quite as good as with paints. Oil-based glazes offer the best protection, the one that covers well, form a water-repellent and elastic film on the wood surface. With other glazes, a very thin film is formed, who has the benefit of it, that he cannot flake off. When it comes to UV protection, the glaze can only rely on its own pigments. The pigment-rich, thick-layer glazes offer the best protection here, however at the price, that the, sometimes desired, visible wood grain underneath disappears. The same applies to the color selection as to the paints: the middle color- and wood tones are preferable. Glazes generally have a shorter service life than paint, after five years at the latest you have to rework glazed surfaces. Use products based on the same binding agent as for the first coat.
VARNISH AND GLAZE: THE SMALL 1X1
ACRYLLACKE: paints, where pigments and binders (Acrylate) are dissolved in water. During drying, the water evaporates, the paint turns into an evenly smooth film.
ADDITIVE: Designation for all auxiliary substances in paints and glazes, added to improve properties and processability. ALKYDHARZLACKE: paints, where pigments and binders (resin) dissolved in white spirit. These paints have a high opacity, the paint surface becomes very hard.
BINDER: They bond the pigments and additives in a paint and improve its adhesion to the substrate.
BIOCIDES: Collective term for all active ingredients added to paints against animal and plant organisms or fungi. Insecticides and fungicides are biocides.
BLUE MUSHROOM: Collective term for all mushrooms, which stain fresh and damp wood in particular bluish when infested. The coloring is depreciating, However, this does not result in any restriction of the static load capacity of the wood. VAPOR DIFFUSION OPEN: property of coatings, which allow the moisture contained in the wood to escape to the outside. For coatings, which do not allow water vapor diffusion or only to a limited extent, Moisture can collect between the substrate and the coating and cause it to flake off.
FUNGICIDES: fungicidal substances, the some wood preservative primers for prevention, especially against the blue stain fungus, are added.
FILLERS: Natural extenders, the (like pigments) in loose- and binders are insoluble and will thicken the paint for certain applications. WOOD MOISTURE: Amount of water in the wood in relation to the ambient humidity. With the absorption of humidity, the water content in the wood changes. If it rises permanently to over 20 percent, the wood becomes susceptible to fungal attack.
PIGMENTS: lightfast, non-soluble and weather-stable color particles, the glazes and varnishes are added. INSECTICIDES: agents against insects, which are added to some wood preservatives as a preventive measure.
LACKFARBE: A pigmented one, i.e. opaque varnish. Enamel paints with a high pigment content are used as fillers and undercoats, in pasty form also used as a filler.
SOLVENTS: Generic term for additives, which keep the varnish/stain liquid and spreadable. they evaporate, after the paint has been applied. Different binders require different solvents: Synthetic resins need white spirit (Terpentinersatz), Acrylates need water, Oils need turpentine oil.
TURPENTINE OIL: Solvent for lacquers and paints obtained from resins of coniferous trees, which are made on the basis of vegetable resins.